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在上一篇文章中，我们成功串联了文本检测、方向分类、文本识别模型，搭建了一个基础的OCR文本识别服务。然而，针对复杂的PDF文档，仅靠基础的OCR功能还远远不够。为了实现全面的PDF文档解析，尤其是对于表格和版面内容的识别，还需要串联更多的目标检测模型，如表格识别和版面分析模型。
本篇文章将基于前两篇的内容，深入讲解如何将文本、表格、版面三个模型进行串联部署。通过对这些模型的串联，不仅可以处理文本，还能解析复杂的表格和多种布局格式的文档，使OCR系统具有商用水平。
在实践中，串联的文档解析系统能够处理各种高难度场景，如发票、合同、金融报表等包含复杂结构的文档。不仅支持传统的文本识别，还能够识别数学公式、表格、图表等内容，并且可以将解析结果输出为JSON、Markdown、HTML等多种格式，适应不同应用场景。
通过这些模型的串联和部署，用户可以构建一个完整的OCR文档解析服务，并支持企业自定义的模型训练和部署，进一步拓展为云平台API服务。这意味着企业可以根据自身需求定制模型并将其发布为服务，供用户调用，提升整体业务效率和文档处理能力。
Windows 环境下安装模型运行环境以及发布OCR文本识别服务的具体步骤和说明，请参考之前的文章，链接如下：
| Windows下OCR模型运行环境安装 |
| Windows安装PaddleHub |
PaddleOCR通过PaddleHub Serving发布串联的文本、表格、版面识别模型，利用structure_system模块实现文档解析的整体流程。具体过程如下：
工作原理：
文本检测模型：识别图像中的文字块位置，输出对应的检测框。
方向分类模型：矫正文字检测框的方向，确保字符的正确方向排列。
文本识别模型：从矫正后的框中提取文字，并输出识别结果。
表格识别：对于表格内容，模型会分析表格的结构和单元格，提取出相应的文本和位置关系。
texttitlefigurefigure_captiontabletable_captionheaderfooterreferenceequation
模型对于每个word都会预测出一个标签，相同标签的word聚合成一个实体（如titles、text、header等），而实体的外接框为实体中所有word的外接框。
可视化结果如下（不同颜色表示不同实体，如红色表示标题，青绿表示表格，蓝色表示页眉，绿色表示脚注等）：
deploy/hubserving/└─ocr_cls 文本方向分类模块服务包└─ocr_det 文本检测模块服务包└─ocr_rec 文本识别模块服务包└─ocr_system文本检测+文本方向分类+文本识别串联服务包└─structure_layout版面分析服务包└─structure_table表格识别服务包└─structure_systemPP-Structure服务包└─kie_ser关键信息抽取-SER服务包└─kie_ser_re关键信息抽取-SER+RE服务包
deploy/hubserving/structure_system/└─__init__.py空文件，必选└─config.json配置文件，可选，使用配置启动服务时作为参数传入└─module.py主模块，必选，包含服务的完整逻辑└─params.py参数文件，必选，包含模型路径、前后处理参数等参数
| 模型 | 路径 |
| 检测模型 | ./inference/ch_PP-OCRv4_det_infer/ |
| 识别模型 | ./inference/ch_PP-OCRv4_rec_infer/ |
| 方向分类器 | ./inference/ch_ppocr_mobile_v2.0_cls_infer/ |
| 表格识别模型 | ./inference/ch_ppstructure_mobile_v2.0_SLANet_infer/ |
| 版面分析模型 | ./inference/picodet_lcnet_x1_0_fgd_layout_cdla_infer/ |
模型路径可在params.py中查看和修改，可以替换成自己训练转换好的模型。
/替换为\）下，安装模块命令如下表：| 服务模块 | 命令 |
| 全服务串联 | hub install deploy/hubserving/structure_system |
# 执行全服务模型安装命令hub install deploy/hubserving/structure_system# 执行后可以看到以下输出，说名全服务串联模型安装成功[2024-10-10 21:56:43,853] [INFO] - Successfully uninstalled structure_system[2024-10-10 21:56:44,570] [ INFO] - Successfully installed structure_system-1.0.0
3. 启动服务
hub serving start --modules Module1==Version1, Module2==Version2, ... \--port 8866 \--use_multiprocess \--workers \
--modules/-m | PaddleHub Serving预安装模型，以多个Module==Version键值对的形式列出 当不指定Version时，默认选择最新版本 |
--port/-p | 服务端口，默认为8866 |
| --use_multiprocess | 是否启用并发方式，默认为单进程方式，推荐多核CPU机器使用此方式 Windows操作系统只支持单进程方式 |
| --workers | 在并发方式下指定的并发任务数，默认为2*cpu_count-1，其中cpu_count为CPU核数 |
# 执行后会出现以下图片输出，说明服务已经启动hub serving start -m structure_system
4. 请求服务
进入E:\paddle_ocr\PaddleOCR源码路径下，在praddle_env的Python的环境下，执行以下命令，验证已启动服务是否可用。
python ./tools\test_hubserving.py --server_url=http://127.0.0.1:8866/predict/structure_system --image_dir=./doc\imgs/train_1430.jpg --visualize=true
{'regions': [{'bbox': [178, 161, 769, 214], 'img_idx': 0, 'res': [{'confidence': 0.9866982698440552, 'text': '(二)现任及报告期内离任董事、监事和高级管理人 员的任职情况', 'text_region': [[179.0, 160.0], [773.0, 160.0], [773.0, 188.0], [179.0, 188.0]]}, {'confidence': 0.996711254119873, 'text': '1.', 'text_region': [[179.0, 195.0], [223.0, 195.0], [223.0, 214.0], [179.0, 214.0]]}, {'confidence': 0.9996092319488525, 'text': '在股东单位任职情况', 'text_region': [[213.0, 191.0], [415.0, 191.0], [415.0, 219.0], [213.0, 219.0]]}], 'score': 0.8759905099868774, 'type': 'text'}, {'bbox': [160, 563, 1083, 1523], 'img_idx': 0, 'res': {'cell_bbox': [[4.498061656951904, 9.545287132263184, 123.835205078125, 9.642200469970703, 121.98422241210938, 56.403995513916016, 4.303066730499268, 56.22964859008789], [125.66343688964844, 10.86853313446045, 601.1064453125, 10.622770309448242, 600.7944946289062, 44.1065788269043, 124.36930847167969, 45.06888961791992], [503.7535095214844, 7.360479354858398, 701.1563110351562, 7.2659502029418945, 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任职人员</td><td></td><td>在其他单位担任</td><td>任期起始</td><td>任期终止</td></tr><tr><td>姓名</td><td>其他单位名称</td><td>的职务</td><td>日期</td><td>日期</td></tr><tr><td>袁义祥</td><td>大连和升控股集团有限公司</td><td>董事</td><td>2008-04</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>袁义祥</td><td>大连三鑫投资有限公司</td><td>监事</td><td>2014-09</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>袁义祥</td><td>大连装备创新与投资有限公司</td><td>监事</td><td>2015-12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>袁义祥</td><td>大连百傲化学股份有限公司</td><td>董事</td><td>2015-06</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>袁义祥</td><td>沈阳和怡新材料有限公司</td><td>执行董事、经理</td><td>2020-07</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>袁义祥</td><td>和升实业有限公司</td><td>董事</td><td>2017-06</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>袁义祥</td><td>润新微电子（大连）有限公司</td><td>监事会主席</td><td>2022-05</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>袁义祥</td><td>辽宁省机械（集团）股份有限公司</td><td>董事</td><td>2012-08</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>袁义祥</td><td>大连汇宇鑫科技有限公司</td><td>董事</td><td>2006-07</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>袁义祥</td><td>大连德润电动汽车科技有限公司</td><td>副董事长</td><td>2017-03</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>袁义祥</td><td>爱康普科技（大连）有限公司</td><td>董事</td><td>2016-04</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>袁义祥</td><td>大连业通投资有限公司</td><td>监事</td><td>2019-04</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>袁义祥</td><td>大连亿阳信息技术有限公司</td><td>执行董事、经理</td><td>2022-05</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>王文锋</td><td>大连和升控股集团有限 公司</td><td>董事长、总经理</td><td>2007-07</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>王文锋</td><td>大连辽机路航特种车制造有限公司</td><td>董事长</td><td>2010-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>王文锋</td><td> 大连三鑫投资有限公司</td><td>执行董事、经理</td><td>2010-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>王文锋</td><td>大连百傲化学股份有限公司</td><td>副董事长</td><td>2015-06</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>王文锋</td><td>和升实业有限公司</td><td>董事长、经理</td><td>2017-06</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>王文锋</td><td>北京和升创展食品发展有限责任公司</td><td>董事长、经理</td><td>2019-05</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>王文锋</td><td>大连听心会议服务有限公司</td><td>执行董事、经理</td><td>2020-09</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>王文锋</td><td>大连汇宇鑫科技有限公司</td><td>董事</td><td>2017-07</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>韩东丰</td><td>大连和升控股集团有限公司</td><td>董事、经理</td><td>2018-03</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>韩东丰</td><td>大连汇宇鑫科技有限公司</td><td>董事</td><td>2017-07</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>韩东丰</td><td>南京兰埔成新材料有限公司</td><td>董事</td><td>2016-04</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>韩东丰</td><td>大连万怡投资有限公司</td><td>执行董事、经理</td><td>2014-10</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>韩东丰</td><td>新大洲控股股份有限公司</td><td>董事长</td><td>2020-09-18</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>韩东丰</td><td>北京和升创展食品发展有限责任公司</td><td> 董事</td><td>2019-05</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>韩东丰</td><td>沈阳和怡新材料有限公司</td><td>董事</td><td>2021-09</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>韩东丰</td><td>大连四达高技术发展有限公司</td><td>董事</td><td>2019-07</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>韩东丰</td><td>大连联创智达信息技术有限公司</td><td>董事</td><td>2019-10</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>韩东丰</td><td>盛银消费金融有限公司</td><td>董事</td><td>2019-08</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></body></html>'}, 'score': 0.977480947971344, 'type': 'table'}, {'bbox': [161, 225, 1085, 507], 'img_idx': 0, 'res': {'cell_bbox': [[5.785220623016357, 24.311243057250977, 181.07508850097656, 23.637800216674805, 185.1851348876953, 72.7176742553711, 5.823643684387207, 73.16725158691406], [178.80596923828125, 22.35544204711914, 419.8334655761719, 21.064998626708984, 425.7052307128906, 63.92222213745117, 180.6250762939453, 66.30516815185547], [400.674072265625, 9.518608093261719, 606.553466796875, 9.219185829162598, 610.5952758789062, 69.24838256835938, 403.7786560058594, 72.22607421875], [581.6190795898438, 18.830272674560547, 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590.1124267578125, 182.86080932617188, 410.3360290527344, 182.1475372314453], [589.1049194335938, 152.78106689453125, 762.3895874023438, 153.16416931152344, 761.2607421875, 182.85633850097656, 586.8853759765625, 182.54150390625], [786.94384765625, 153.03585815429688, 913.7927856445312, 153.81143188476562, 913.6409301757812, 185.2374725341797, 785.9165649414062, 184.50112915039062], [6.30924129486084, 183.93406677246094, 173.02272033691406, 185.31723022460938, 171.75796508789062, 219.1966094970703, 6.0957136154174805, 218.19049072265625], [176.25685119628906, 182.89517211914062, 418.9935607910156, 184.02035522460938, 416.5292663574219, 214.67453002929688, 172.76731872558594, 213.8861541748047], [416.76849365234375, 180.90020751953125, 594.4534912109375, 181.86082458496094, 592.14599609375, 212.08982849121094, 411.8827819824219, 211.4750213623047], [591.6781005859375, 181.07540893554688, 765.05712890625, 181.67526245117188, 763.4891967773438, 211.99407958984375, 588.595947265625, 211.65943908691406], [791.48828125, 181.5181121826172, 914.7260131835938, 182.6168212890625, 914.5346069335938, 215.15953063964844, 789.9700317382812, 214.34336853027344], [4.574718475341797, 215.89959716796875, 174.4020538330078, 216.35736083984375, 170.20762634277344, 276.5448303222656, 4.326537609100342, 276.3892822265625], [166.39047241210938, 215.0373992919922, 745.2926025390625, 215.20089721679688, 742.1246948242188, 268.39129638671875, 162.07473754882812, 268.2206115722656], [753.2962646484375, 215.2685089111328, 906.15283203125, 216.4825897216797, 906.400634765625, 268.064453125, 753.3102416992188, 267.6579895019531]], 'html': '<html><body><table><tbody><tr><td>√适用口不适用 任职人员姓名</td><td>股东单位名称</td><td>在股东单位担任 的职务</td><td>任期起始日期</td><td>任期终止日期</td></tr><tr><td>袁 义祥</td><td>亿阳集团股份有限公司</td><td>董事</td><td>2021-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>王文锋</td><td>亿阳集团股份有限公司</td><td>董事</td><td>2021-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>韩东丰</td><td>亿阳集团股份有限公司</td><td>监事长</td><td>2021-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>韩东丰</td><td>大连万怡投资有限公司</td><td>法人、执行董事</td><td>2014-10</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>张秀琴</td><td>大连万怡投资有限公司</td><td>监事</td><td>2014-10</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>在股东单位任 职情况的说明</td><td colspan="4">无</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></body></html>'}, 'score': 0.9516164064407349, 'type': 'table'}, {'bbox': [180, 530, 399, 549], 'img_idx': 0, 'res': [{'confidence': 0.9975435137748718, 'text': '2.', 'text_region': [[177.0, 528.0], [225.0, 528.0], [225.0, 553.0], [177.0, 553.0]]}, {'confidence': 0.9998181462287903, 'text': '在其他单位任职情况', 'text_region': [[213.0, 526.0], [415.0, 526.0], [415.0, 556.0], [213.0, 556.0]]}], 'score': 0.8662838935852051, 'type': 'table_caption'}, {'bbox': [555, 88, 684, 104], 'img_idx': 0, 'res': [{'confidence': 0.9998651146888733, 'text': '2023年年度报告', 'text_region': [[551.0, 84.0], [687.0, 82.0], [688.0, 107.0], [551.0, 109.0]]}], 'score': 0.9478155970573425, 'type': 'header'}, {'bbox': [590, 1545, 651, 1559], 'img_idx': 0, 'res': [{'confidence': 0.9947237968444824, 'text': '31/211', 'text_region': [[588.0, 1540.0], [654.0, 1540.0], [654.0, 1565.0], [588.0, 1565.0]]}], 'score': 0.9063873291015625, 'type': 'footer'}]}| 字段名称 | 数据类型 | 意义 |
| text | str | 文本内容 |
| confidence | float | 文本识别置信度或角度分类置信度 |
| text_region | list | 文本位置坐标 |
| html | str | 表格的html字符 |
| regions | list | 版面分析+表格识别+OCR的结果，每一项为一个list 包含表示区域坐标的 bbox，区域类型的type和区域结果的res三个字段 |
说明： 如果需要增加、删除、修改返回字段，可在相应模块的module.py文件中进行修改。
总结
当文本检测、方向分类、文本识别、表格识别和版面识别这几个模型成功串联并发布后，整个系统便能够完整解析PDF、图片等文档中的内容。百度提供的通用OCR模型已经能够满足大部分业务场景中对PDF和图片数据的解析需求，返回结果为JSON格式，其中表格内容则以HTML形式展示。该服务具有基本的商用功能，能够承接文档解析业务。如果再结合APP应用层，该系统可以灵活适应更多业务场景，扩展其应用范围。
此外，通过发布SER（结构化实体识别）模型，系统还能够实现对发票、证件等特殊文档的关键信息抽取，提供更强大的文档解析功能。而该系统架构的最大优势在于支持自定义模型的发布，用户能够基于行业需求对模型进行精调和微调，结合实际业务场景标注数据、训练模型并实现部署，从而大大提升行业专用模型的性能与适配度。
整体来说，这样的架构不仅满足了通用文档解析的需求，还为用户提供了更高的灵活性和可扩展性，使其能够轻松应对复杂多变的业务场景。
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